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The appellant, Salim abdul Aziz Rahman, the founder of the group called the Global Islamic Jihad, was convicted under the USA Patriot Act of 2003 for â€Å"furthering the aims of known terrorism organizations by advocating the violence of the United States government that is called for by those organizations.† He was tried and convicted by the Federal District Court, and has challenged the constitutionality of this Act on the grounds that it violates his First Amendment right of Freedom of Speech as protected by the United States Constitution. The United States Patriot Act of 2003 makes it a crime to â€Å"further the aims of known terrorist organizations by advocating the violence against the United States government that is called for by those organizations.† This act was formulated and put into effect after the acts of terrorism in September of 2001.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The record shows that a man identified as the appellant, distributed to the inhabitants of his predominantly Middle-Eastern New York City neighborhood, pamphlets stating â€Å"the American government is controlled by Zionist agents and is using it’s arrogant power to murder believers around the world.† These pamphlets also contained the sentence â€Å"The penalty for murder is death.† These pamphlets were printed and distributed by his organization, Global Islamic Jihad.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At a rally of his organization in April of 2002, Mr. Rahman burned a flag (though protected by Texas v Johnson, 491 US 397, ‘O’Brien 626’), and presented a speech where he called for â€Å"death to any country that supports Zionist aggression against true believers† as well as cataloging â€Å"American crimes against humanity.† In a speech on the day of his arrest in this same Middle-Eastern neighborhood, the appellant catalogued â€Å"America’s crimes against humanity and the believers,† as well as declaring â€Å"We must not sit by idle. We must stand up with all of our strength with our brothers and sisters who struggle against the Zionists and against those who help them with money and weapons. The treacherous Jews and Crusaders must go down. Jihad knows no boundaries and no limitations on its means.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through legal FBI wiretaps, it was found that Mr. Rahman was in direct contact with representatives of the Muslim Brotherhood, a political group both in the United States and abroad. Previously an Egyptian terrorist group whom publicly renounced violence, this group now claims to advocate a â€Å"peaceful transition to a worldwide Islamic state.† However, this group often conveys ideas by known terrorist organizations that it calls â€Å"brothers in the great cause.

How has John Donne treated the theme of love in his poem ‘Lover’s Infiniteness’? Essay

Through his poem, John Donne, expresses his yearning to possess ‘all’ of his lady-love’s affection. He narrates about the pain and feelings he faces whilst trying to woo her. ‘Lover’s Infiniteness’ is part of Donne’s complex collection of literary work known as ‘Songs and Sonnets’; this particular piece was published in 1601. The poem deals with a question of how ‘vast’ or unconditional someone’s love can be, thus the word ‘Infiniteness’ in the title which expresses the enormity of Donne’s love for her. Being a metaphysical poet, Donne induces the elements of religion, identity, passion and reasoning into his poetry- for instance, in this specific poem, he emphasizes his ‘desire’ for the ownership of his lover’s heart yet, continues to think deeply and question her faithfulness to him. This further leads him into overthinking about the unquestioning love he has for her and how she might never reciprocate that amount of love to him. The tone of the poem suggests insecurity and- subtly- jealousy and possessiveness: this can be evident through lines such as ‘This new love may beget new fears’, ‘New love created be, by other men’, ‘The ground, thy heart is mine†¦have it all’. Using a variety of literary devices, Donne puts across the main idea of the poem vividly. Donne compares love to a ‘transaction’ wherein he expects his lady-love to ‘gift’ her love to him after he has ‘spent’ a lot of his ‘sighs, tears, and oaths, and letters’ to ‘purchase’ her heart- this is one of the many examples of both metaphor and visual imagery he uses(a clear picture of his efforts is being made). Some instances of the usage of paradox can also be seen: ‘If thou canst not give it, then thou never gav’st it’ expresses that if she doesn’t care for him every single day, then it would mean that never ever cared for him. The entire poem has been written in a well-structured manner of 3 paragraphs consisting 11 lines. Each paragraphs portrays a different aspect of Donne’s thoughts regarding his pining for his lover, aiding to a gradual build-up of a climatic ending to the poem. The poem follows a consistent rhyme scheme of ABABCDCD. Donne begins with ‘If yet I have not all thy love, /Dear, I shall never have it all.’ The tone suggests gentleness, but the lover seems to be wanting more from his lady-love – more attention, more love and affection. He is completely awestruck by her and deeply craves for her heart; he ‘cannot breathe one other sigh, to move, /nor can entreat one other tear to fall’ for he has been doing so for a very long time and cannot afford to spend any more of his ‘treasures’ of ‘sighs, tears, and oaths, and letters’. He calls her love for him as a ‘gift’ that is ‘partial’: the irony -usually love towards a lover isn’t supposed to be partial- when he stresses on how her heart might belong to other men as well, not fully his. Donne says ‘Dear, I shall never have thee all’, conveying how he worries about she not being his at all in reality. In the second stanza Donne questions his lady-love. He wonders that even if she did give him her ‘all’, what if it doesn’t last for a long time? The lines convey a sense of insecurity and jealousy the poet feels when he ponders about other men- just like him- who too would go through pain and try to gain her heart by using their share of ‘sighs, oaths and letters’ that would ‘outbid’ him- he fears of losing her. ‘This new love may beget new fears/ for, this love was not vowed by thee’, he sadly states out of fear and addressing the harsh reality. The last three lines of the paragraph show a more optimistic side of his: ‘And yet it was, thy gift being general’, he thinks about the positives of owning her love. He says ‘The ground, thy heart is mine; whatever shall/ Grow there, dear, I should have it all’: he compares her heart to fields where the seed of his love would grow and whatever she feels woul d be his too- an example of metaphor. John Donne wants a totality of love, but he has also reached the limit of his capacity to feel; he wants more to look forward to. The theme of possession and, specifically, commercial transactions underscores the inadequacy the lover feels when he thinks of or discusses the â€Å"all† of love that he requires from the lady. In the third stanza, he imagines their growing love as a kind of deposit with interest- he feels the need for her to pay back every single moment he’s spent putting efforts for their relationship with equal amount of love and attention. He could do no more. ‘He that hath all can have no more.’ After deep thought, Donne comes to a very contrasting conclusion: he suggests that if he has earned ‘all’ of her love and has been granted the ownership of her ‘heart’, he wouldn’t have anything more to look forward to as he feels that her love for him isn’t vast or unconditional- it might eventually stop growing. ‘Thou canst not every day give me thy heart/ If thou canst give it, then thou never gav’st it’: he questions that if she didn’t give him her heart before, then what assures the fact that she will give him her heart later on? Through a painful yet gentle tone he says ‘Love’s riddles are, that though thy heart depart†¦sav’st it’, here Donne expresses that even she might never respond to his feelings or leave him, he would still keep her heart- that he once had for a short while- safe and will always cherish the memories that they had shared before. Towards the end of the poem, Donne requests his lady-love to join hearts with him and be everything for each other: ‘Than changing hearts, to join them, so we shall/ Be one, and one another’s all.’ Through 3 paragraphs, Donne successfully conveys the pain, efforts and time he had spent to gain his lady-love’s heart. He portrays different the consequences faced while craving for one’s love and attention. Subtly expressing his possessiveness and jealousy, he tells of his true, infinite love that he has for her and how he wishes for her to answer him with same infiniteness.

Sexual Harassment Effects Body Esteem Essay - 649 Words

Women are constantly faced with unwelcomed sexual harassment on a daily basis. According to a report from the American Association of University Women in 2005, statistics showed at least 62 percent of female college students have reported being sexually harassed at their university (17). Stephen Franzoi conducted a study observing young women on their body esteem and the connection between parent interaction and the everyday experiences they had in the case it had an effect on them. It was a two-study investigation based on sexism. Study 1 had shown fathers’ sexist beliefs were â€Å"positively correlated with daughters’ weight-related and physical condition body esteem† (1). Study 2 had also shown body esteem was linked to mild sexist†¦show more content†¦It’s just a bit sad† (Simmons, Jake). The clothing provides extra caution and safety, but it is also making it acceptable for corrupt behavior. Instead of going after the problem directly, it is shaping women to get used to this harassment and to deal with it by buying specially made clothing. It is teaching women to be shameful of their bodies by hiding it in fear of being sexually assaulted. Nirvana member Kurt Cobain once stated that, â€Å"The problem with groups who deal with rape is that they try to educate women about how to defend themselves. What really needs to be done is teaching men not to rape,† in November 1991 when discussing one of his songs. However, instead of teaching men and young boys about the problems with harassment, programs like self-defense classes for women have been on the rise and more people have been joining. Self-defense classes are very educational, though. A study showed 12 percent of 117 women taking a self-defense class reported some form of sexual harassment. Compared to the 169 of the women not taking a self-defense class, 30 percent of those were harassed. These numbers show that the latter had nearly one in three women harassed. The study was conducted by UO sociologist Jocelyn Hollander. It shows self-defense classes are definitely helpful, and they are even as accessible as looking one up on YouTube for easy learning. Alth ough again it is the thought that women are doing much more than men are to avoid sexualShow MoreRelatedSociocultural Factors that Lead to Eating Disorders in Young Women1604 Words   |  7 Pagesis characterized by â€Å"distorted body image and excessive dieting that leads to severe weight loss with a pathological fear of becoming fat† while bulimia nervosa is characterized by â€Å"frequent episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate behaviors such as self-induced vomiting to avoid weight gain† (DSM-5, American Psychiatric Association, 2013). These two disorders most often affect adolescent girls and young women. 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