Sunday, August 23, 2020

Corporate Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Corporate Finance - Essay Example e sway on stock prices.(Frankfurter 2002 )Another way of thinking battles that costs are adversely associated with profit payout levels.(Frankfurter 2002).The third view is that firm profit arrangement is unimportant in stock value valuation. (Hotdog 2002.These perspectives are best summarized as being founded on, the assessment impact ( Litzenberger and Ramaswamy (1980),)Clientele impacts clarifications (Elton and Gruber, 1970), Agency hypothesis explanations(Easterbrook 1984), Signaling models(John and Williams (1985), and mental/sociological clarifications ( Frankfurter and Lane 1992). Going to the part of Dividend Policies, Capital structure choices and tax collection scholastic writing has correspondingly contrasted and introduced differing sees. The main hypothesis here is the MM hypothesis talked about underneath dependent on which the paper investigates the writing relating to the concurrent impact of both the company duty and individual personal expenses on the profit arrangement and capital structure of a firm in principle. In this vein numerous different examinations have additionally analyzed the worldly example of corporate profit payout and dynamic profit conduct dependent on fluctuating expense codes.(MA Lasfer 1996). It has been seen frequently that there will be â€Å" basic moves in the total profit payout and these shifts regularly harmonize with charge law changes†(Wu 1996).Thus the observational proof on the impacts of both organization and individual personal assessments on profit installment alterations and on capital structure choices is in like manner evaluated from this point forward. It has regularly been expressed that organizations set their profit approaches to limit their assessment obligation and to augment the after-expense form of their investors. (Wu 1996).It has likewise been expressed that at whatever point an organization can't deduct the progressed corporate assessment from their expense risk it will turn to giving out low dividends.(Wu 1996 refering to Brennan). The thought of the duty theory expresses that the differential tax collection from profits and

Friday, August 21, 2020

Political views in An Inspector Calls Essay Example For Students

Political perspectives in An Inspector Calls Essay Priestleys Political perspectives in An Inspector Calls It is clarified in this article Priestley utilizes the play to advance communism, as the play spins around society, as every individual has their own connect to the passing of Eva Smith, thus the fault is shared. Priestley likewise presents the possibility of private enterprise, through the voice of Mr. Birling, yet is before long made a nitwit of as he states strange things which have just been resolved, such the characterizing the Titanic as resilient. It is likewise fundamental how this exposition expresses the timeframes of when the play was set, as it gives an outline of extra foundation data, from which one can embrace the social and financial status at that point. Likewise the additional accentuation over the organizing gadgets utilized is profoundly basic, as this shows the motions showed between the different characters inside the play, and can feature a key perspective connected to their conduct status. The juxtaposition between the Inspector and Mr. Birling is additionally expressed, and it underlines the way that their perspectives continually contradict one another, and Priestley utilizes this as a sensational gadget. This paper truly accentuates on the emotional gadgets that Priestley uses to pass on his different perspectives, and is extremely compelling, as it empowers the crowd to comprehend the idea of the play in a simpler way, and is all the more engaging. The statements utilized are useful in sabotaging the particular point applied to the announcement, and it gives proof to the occasion happening. It is additionally exceptionally fascinating how the various perspectives on Eric and Sheila are given, in contrast with those of Mr. Birling and Mrs. Birling, and it shows a gap between the more youthful age and the more seasoned age. The utilization of how pressure is utilized all through the play is likewise an awesome point, as apparently something is going to occur straightaway, and it brings up issues in the perusers minds. It is likewise obvious that Priestley utilizes pressure as a sensational gadget so as to keep the crowd intrigued and on edge to discover more, thus to alarm his communist message. He likewise includes strain by utilizing a steady measure of redundancy, and this is finished by the Inspector continually reminding the Birlings about different realities and rehashes numerous announcements various occasions. There is likewise a ton of portrayal devoted to the distinctive social classes at that point, and this gives an away from of how these various individuals contrasted in riches. The end at long last sums up the play all in all, and depicts all the various parts of it, from the play being a homicide secret to the diverse political perspectives at that point.

Thursday, July 9, 2020

Diabetes-Related Mortality - Free Essay Example

A product of Chinas rapid economic development is the transition in public health issues from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases. Not only has urbanization changed Chinas economy, but it has also led to changes on the individual level. Personal lifestyle, diet, and social norms are a few of the main aspects that have led to diabetes taking priority over other non-communicable diseases that currently need serious attention (Yang, et al., 2012). In fact, China is experiencing the worst epidemic in the world, with 10% of its population (over 110 million individuals) in 2016 being diagnosed with full-blown diabetes. The CDC reported that the rate in rural areas is increasing faster than in urban areas. This epidemic has placed enormous stress onto rural health care facilities through a high utilization of hospitals, as well as rising insurance costs (Wang F. , 2016). Living with diabetes is a huge financial burden, especially those covered by the rural health insurance plan, where 24% of household income will go to treatment (Liu, Vortherms, Hong, 2017). There is also a huge economic burden that is placed on the country itself, with medical expenses for diabetes being one of the main leaders of poverty. Therefore, this issue is important because not only does it directly affect public health in rural areas, but its consequences also reach other key systems of society. There seems to be a harmful reinforcement between poor health and low socioeconomic status in rural provinces that is crippling Chinas health care system (Le, Jun, Zhankun, Yichun, Jie, 2011). A nationwide study conducted by the Epidemiological studies unit of the University of Oxford in 2017 found that despite prevalence rates being higher in urban areas, mortality rates were actually higher in rural areas. Looking into cause-specific deaths related to diabetes, the authors found a drastic difference in the risk ratio for chronic kidney disease, which was 18.69 and 6.83 for rural and urban areas respectively (Monaco, 2017). Currently, the demographics show that adults over 35 years of age with low income make up the majority of individuals that are diagnosed (Wang, et al., 2017). However, the age bracket for acquiring diabetes has been continually decreasing. The American Diabetes Association reported that there has been an increasing rate in young individuals in rural areas. This is significant because they have a higher risk for chronic complications which lead to mortality (Hu Jia, 2017). This also speaks to a lack of proper health education and schooling in rural provinces. Currently, there is a large focus on treating the symptoms and outcomes of diabetes. The government spends the equivalent of $50 billion annually on diabetes alone. That is 13% of the total national health care expenditures. However, this has had minimal effect so far in rural areas. 84% of it goes to treating the disease through hospitalization, thus inpatient treatment (Wang F. , 2016). This is the main way rural individuals receive health care. Despite the large monetary investment into treatments, only 13% of the diagnosed population have their blood glucose under control. This is because the biggest issue is that 60% to 65% of the rural population are unaware of their disease (Wang, et al., 2017). Those with lower income, whose insurance translates into high medical bills, wait until they have their first heart attack to go to the hospital and get diagnosed. This delay has a huge impact on mortality rates (Wang F. , 2016). Moreover, it is clear that prevention and awareness are lacking from the current strategy that is in place by the key players who are working on this issue. The key players involved in the diabetes epidemic in rural areas are all in the direct circle of public health influence. They include provincial hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, big universities, key ministries and the Chinese Insurance Regulatory Commission. In terms of key ministries, there are two that play a crucial role in drug accessibility for the low SES population. These are the National Health Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) and the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). The former is responsible for determining which drugs get included into an Essential Drug List that is covered by the rural insurance plan (Liu, Vortherms, Hong, 2017). The latter has direct control over prices of both drugs and medical services. Both coordinate with the Chinese Insurance Regulatory Commission, who are responsible for the lack of coverage and high treatment cost of diabetes in the rural insurance plan (Mossialos, Ge, Hu, Wang, 2016). The pharmaceutical industry along with top universities (Peking university and Shanghai Jiao Tong University) are important for the research and development of treatment (Mossialos, Ge, Hu, Wang, 2016). Overall, there is a clear mirroring of who the key players are to what is currently being done about the issue. Reiterating what has been previously established, the main focus is on treating the outcomes and not on prevention. Actors who should be involved are those in the public health sphere as well as outside of it who can effectively work on prevention and awareness. This includes village doctors, smaller town clinics, local teachers, and the Ministry of Agriculture. Village doctors are fundamental players because of their relationship with the rural community. As a result of practicing Traditional Chinese Medicine, they are the most trusted actors in health care and can directly provide healthcare services in a way that far-away hospitals are unable to do (Li, et al., 2015). Moreover, smaller town clinics need to be strengthened to replace hospitals as the primary gatekeeper (Mossialos, Ge, Hu, Wang, 2016). Increasing health education in a school environment is unfortunately not as feasible in rural areas compared to urban settings because 60% of students drop out before high school (Partner, 2018). However, because of the increasing mortality-rate among young rural individuals, elementary school teachers are nonetheless important in educating children on prevention, as well as providing useful teaching skills in other settings. Due to farming being the most common type of work in rural provinces, the Ministry of Agriculture will also be important for raising awareness as well as implementing new policies (Westmore, 2015). The intervention that I propose is an education initiative. This is arguably the most effective type of intervention because the fundamental problem lies in a lack of awareness and education in the rural community, which leads to later diagnosis and an earlier generational onset of diabetes that results in mortality. The education initiative is comprised of two steps: firstly, establish accessible health education classes as primary prevention, and secondly, promote open discussions through the utilization of Chinese Traditional Medicine culture for screenings on a secondary prevention level. This initiative will be funded by expenses already being invested by the government on this epidemic. Most rural families use agriculture as their primary source of income, acquiring a large plot of land and often using the help of their young children for labor (Westmore, 2015). Therefore, The Ministry of Agriculture should implement a new policy that as part of acquiring or renewing an agricultural land license, all households must take a free information class on diabetes. Moreover, it should be stated that all members who participate in agricultural activities must take it. This ensures that children who drop out of school to work will still receive the proper health education they need. The class will be a collaborative effort between key players, led by the local physicians and teachers. The information would focus on prevention, including proper nutrition and dieting, healthy lifestyle and behavioral activities. The goal is to stimulate awareness about the main causes of diabetes and how these can be addressed through proper self-management. The information can be put into action with simple, take-home tools for the participants, including weekly food charts to track eating habits, simple local recipes, and setting exercise goals. This first step can be seen as addressing the socioeconomic factors which contribute to high mortality, which according to Friedens health impact pyramid has the biggest impact (Frieden, 2010). Part of educating the rural population on diabetes surrounds changing the social stigma which hinders individuals to get diagnosed early on. This can be addressed through offering free screenings at local traditional medicine facilities operated by village doctors. This is important because the second step in this education initiative would be to promote open discussions through its integration into traditional Chinese medicine culture, which is highly prevalent in rural provinces (Li, et al., 2015). These traditional facilities are already highly utilized by the community for other purposes. Diabetes screening does not require high levels of training, thus it would be more effective to train traditional practitioners who are readily available instead of providing inpatient treatment in distant hospitals. Village doctors can talk about the condition during screenings through a lens of culture that is already widely accepted. The second step is arguably changing the context of rural life to make individuals default decisions healthy since they would have to expend significant energy not to benefit from the free screening (Frieden, 2010). Its purpose would thus be to balance the issue of distrust in modern medicine and techniques that the first step might experience. In conclusion, the two steps reflect the yin and yang of health education, balancing opposing cultures of public health to reach an effective solution. Building a holistic understanding of diabetes can improve the information that is currently available to rural populations. Increased knowledge will have a large impact on reducing diabetes-related mortality by preventing it from occurring at all.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The State Of Nature Is An Important And Relevant...

Erich Harkema Prof. Wolfe 10/1/14 Intro: The state of nature is an important and relevant philosophical idea that has been discussed and debated for a long time. The reason it is such a key topic in philosophy is it delves into the reasoning behind why man had to create political society. In order to properly understand the philosophy of the state of nature it is important to look at conflicting viewpoints about it in order to understand it with less bias. Thomas Hobbes and Jean Jacques Rosseau both have differing viewpoints regarding the state of nature. Hobbes feels that man’s natural state is cowardly, fearful, almost paranoid, so man created political society in order to protect himself. Rosseau, on the other hand, feels that man was much happier before political society was created. Their viewpoints differ regarding the state of nature, man’s phase after leasing their state of nature, and the basis and legitimacy of the social contract. Hobbes’ and Rousseau’s views on man’s state of nature are quite different. Hobbes feels that man is naturally brutish, and constantly in a state of misery due to the fact that everyone else is your adversary and may act as they see fit. Due to this natural state, anyone could simply kill you in your sleep, like the coward that they naturally are. Hobbes felt that because man did not understand good and evil, man responds with violence or panic: â€Å"Hobbes maintains that man is naturally intrepid and seeks only to attack and fight†¦AndShow MoreRelatedAristotles Impact on Current Society812 Words   |  4 PagesAristotle’s Impact on Current Society _NAME___ HUM 360 B1 Wilmington University Aristotle was one of the most important western philosophers. He was a student of Plato and the teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. I found that his biggest impacts on modern society were in the subject areas of ethics, and zoology. Aristotle wrote the firstRead MoreExplain the distinction Jean Grimshaw makes between misogyny and philosophically significant ‘maleness’ of philosophical theories.999 Words   |  4 Pages1. Explain the distinction Jean Grimshaw makes between misogyny and philosophically significant ‘maleness’ of philosophical theories. Jean Grimshaw argues the idea that the discipline of Philosophy is gendered in some way by making a distinction between misogyny and philosophically significant ‘maleness ‘of philosophical theories. The ‘maleness’ of philosophy is characterised by the fact that most of the practitioners of philosophy have been and are still male. Grimshaw argues that this fact aloneRead MoreImmanuel Kant And Kant On Morality1097 Words   |  5 Pagessteal, and treat others as you would want to be treated. When dealing with the philosophers take on morality, there are two which are usually compared to one another, Immanuel Kant and David Hume. Immanuel Kant had many theories throughout his philosophical time. Here are some of his ethical works, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785), the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and the Metaphysics of Morals (1797), which contains both â€Å"the Doctrine of Right† and â€Å"the Doctrine of Virtue.† HeRead M oreSublime In Frankenstein Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesMost Gothic novels aim to show the sinister side of human nature. They depict the dark terrors which lie beneath the reader s mentality. The term Gothic suggests a genre which deals with frightening and mysterious settings by giving connotations of ghostly castles and supernatural events. The Sublime experience as stated by the critic Longinus is, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a matter of treatment. The particular form of the sublime experience that requires prepossessing objects is not only the form; it is simply theRead MoreXenophanes and His Ideology of God1280 Words   |  5 Pages Xenophanes His Ideology of God Xenophanes and his philosophical beliefs related to God or Divinity belong to late 5th century BC. Where the beliefs of Xenophanes were rebellious to the prevailing Greek concepts about Almighty powers, it shows striking resemblance to the existing western philosophy regarding existence of God. According to the Western philosophy, God is one and is an independent entity. Considering the flow of history, Xenophanes can be considered as the compiler of buildingRead MoreA Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful: Edmund Burke1299 Words   |  6 Pagesstarting from one of the most influential texts in the history of aesthetics published in 1757 by Edmund Burke, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful -a curious essay on the fundamentally political career of its author that will mark a turning point in the later reflections on the category of the sublime- and make a brief historical and philosophical journe y through the term already mentioned for finally investigate the concept of postmodernism and the potentialRead MoreOur Environment : Preserving A Precious Asset923 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironment: Preserving a Precious Asset Rachel Carson once said, â€Å"The balance of nature is not a status quo; it is fluid, evershifting,in a constant state of adjustment. Man, too, is part of this balance.† Undoubtedly, man and woman assume a crucial role in the balance of nature. More controversial among man and woman is determining exactly what that role entails. For the upward of 200 years, writers have published varying ideas about the responsibility that we, as the inhabitants of earth, possess forRead MoreEssay on Seneca the Younger and Good Life1242 Words   |  5 Pagesbuilding that can endanger a lot of people both inside and outside and keys and bolts on doors to protect the wealth, are not philosophy’s deeds, but practical thought’s (Seneca Letter XC Extract 7-11). Seneca also believes that philosophy has an important role in human life in order to get a good life. As reported by Seneca (Letter XC Extract 26-27) â€Å"philosophy is a direction in which she opens routes and guides us†. Hence, only philosophy that can bring us to have a good life because â€Å"she will encourageRead MoreContrasting Ideologies Of Rousseau And Diderot1178 Words   |  5 Pagesis clear as to why our class has been assigned the task of explaining the works of two of the most influential thinkers of the time, Rousseau and Diderot. The two have collaborated on past works and do have some ideas that pertain similarly to one another, although there are also ideas that seem to clash. In this essay, I will look to examine the stances of the two individuals (who were friends living together in Paris at one point) regarding the social origins of inequality and explain in whatRead MoreHow Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans1696 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause of a lack of knowledge. Medieval Europeans used their superstitious beliefs to explain the world around them. Because of how Medieval Europe was set up the definition of truth was very general compared to smaller civilizations. In the United States today we have fused other cultures’ definitions of truth into our own and thus make our definition of truth divergent from medieval Europe. American dictionaries most likely define truth as being in tune with what is reality or factual. This explanation

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Brazil And Its Effects On Society Essay - 2084 Words

Brazil 1 What are some of the Policies that Brazil or China has followed in Recent Years to Reduce Inequality? Has it been Successful? Ehsan Rahmanian Professor Mitu Sengupta November 25 2016 Brazil 2 In the same way as other nations in Latin America, Brazil has had accomplishment in diminishing destitution and inequality in the course of the most recent two decades. As opposed to the worldwide pattern of enlarging the divide amongst rich and poor, which has turned into a developing concern since the financial related emergency. The world is awakening to the destructive impacts of inequality, on society, as well as having a negative impact on encouraging financial development. Brazil s advance on inequality came from a low base; the wage crevice between the nation s top and base decile stays around five times as wide as in advanced economies (Corrigan, 2015). Brazil should in any case do substantially more to guarantee that its gross domestic product (GDP) development converts into expansive based change in expectations for everyday standards. Among Brazil s qualities is the comprehensiveness of its financial framework, positioned best out of the twenty six nations named upper mid dle salary. Brazil s business visionaries have moderately little trouble in getting resources to build up their organizations in contrast with their competitor. The nation additionally scores nearly well on a scope of pointers identified with the labour market, registeredShow MoreRelatedThe Economic Crisis Of Brazil1395 Words   |  6 Pages Brazil Historical Development While Brazil development state began in the response of the Great Depression during the economic crisis. The second section of this report describes the formal protection of human rights in the Brazilian criminal justice system, but also explains why these guarantees remain largely on paper. 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When meeting people in Brazilian businesses or government offices, it is critical to secure an appointment at least two weeks in advance, as time is essential in theRead MorePast Influences that Marked Brazils Contemporary Society1679 Words   |  7 Pages This paper analyzes aspects of Brazil’s colonial history that has influenced contemporary societies. It also describes and critiques measures that have recently been implemented by the Brazilian government in attempt to curb the further deterioration of society. In Brazil’s society, neoliberal and capitalist beliefs within the social structure have hindered democratic politics. Diverse social groups are unable to come together and exert their political power as a united front, instead, the neoliberalRead MoreThe Cultural Differences Of Adidas1336 Words   |  6 Pagescultural differences that Adidas has to consider to operate business in china moving from brazil. The chart below shows the comparison of the cultural dimensions according to Hofstede. Brazil to China: The Hofstede Dimensions of Culture PDI (Power Distance Index) - With a score of 69, Brazil reflects a society that believes hierarchy should be respected and inequalities amongst people are acceptable. In Brazil it is important to show respect to the elderly (and children take care for their elderlyRead MoreCultural Differences Between Brazil And Brazil Essay950 Words   |  4 PagesPortuguese influence Brazil about languages, but also religion. The Portuguese brought over their religion which was Roman Catholic. About 64% of the population ascribes to the Roman Catholic faith. Other religions in Brazil included: other Catholic religions, Protestant, Christians, Spiritism, and others. Only 8% of the population ascribe to no religion of any kind (Central Intelligence Agency, n.d.). Diversity Brazil has a rich culture with a unique blend of cultural variations. 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Along with film by Monjardim and a book by Moraes, article like Luis Carlos Prestes and the Revolution of 1924 by Ernest A. Duff and a book, Vargas and Brazil by Hentsche, Jen R also provides a precious informationRead MoreEffects of Globalisation on Brazil1443 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss the impact of globalisation on Brazil: Orientation: Globalisation refers to the integration between different countries and economies and the increased impact of international influences on all aspects of life and economic activity. Brazil is one of the fastest growing economies and superpower of South America. In the recent decade Globalisation has allowed Brazil’s economy to sustain stable economic growth, this was proven when Brazil experienced a very mild recession during the Global

The Role of Decision Making in the Pre

The Role of Decision Making in the Pre-Crisis Peri Essay od of India (15 March, 1959 7 September, 1962) The Role of Decision Making in the Pre-Crisis Peri Essayod of India (15 March, 1959 7 September, 1962) Boyko Iaramov Introduction to International Relations Professor Bond The year 1962 was the unfortunate year for India which knocked out any possibility of understanding between China and India. Of course, such an act of terror could have not started without some kind of the reason, whatever it may be. The chronological order of pre-crisis decisions taken Indias authorities are of great importance. The role of the decision-makers before the time of the armed conflict had a big significance for Indias position on political and economic matters in the continent of Asia. A major figure in Indias decision making was Jawaharlal Nehru, leader of the Congress Party, head of the Planning Commission and chief spokesman of the government in Parliament. These titles not only made him an important nationalistic figure but also Gandhis appointed heir and a major architect of Indias political institutions (Brecher, 1959). Krishna Menon, the controversial defense minister consulted in almost every issue along with Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant was also a figure of great importance (Langyel, 1962). This importance was mainly derived from the fact that both shared the same overall world view of Nehru. However, in order to understand the cruicial importance of decision-makers, we shall looked seperately at each of Indias top men. Menon was highly important and useful to Nehru in the essence that the latter helped Nehru convey his thought and policies to the outside world in a forceful and organized manner (Brecher, 1959). But as Rajani Palme Dutt said in his book The problem of India, foreign policy was exercised more behind the scenes than in meetings of the committee. Both Menon and Nehru acted to the desire of Nehru. It was often when the Foreign secretary would take to Pant drafts of diplomatic correspondence and get the reaction which was usually at Nehrus request (Hoffmann,1990). Foreign policy makers Nehru, Menon and Pant shared a common world view which clearly showed their psychological predisposition, drawn from the sources of their personality, idiosyncrasy, ideology, tradition, culture and history. As we shall see further down, in the mainstream of common ideas and beliefs, they indeed had some differences. But all these men used the attitudinal prism (Hoffmann, 1990), the lens through which they filtered and structured the information thus perceiving the world. One set of Indian beliefs referred to the role India should play world. This role was supposed to reflect the fact that India was a considerably new nation-state. India also had to preserve her independence of action. It didnt simply fight for independence simply to become a camp follower of any of the Cold War Power blocs. The restrictions and limitations that such a position imply would be against Indias national interest. And it was exactly this nonalignment policy of Nehru between the two sides of the Cold War which was the projection of Indian nationalism into world affairs (Maxwell, 1970). Nehru also expressed the idea that India was an Asian power that should not be overlooked at. He demonstrated that in regard to any major problem of a country or a group of countries of Asia, India has to be considered (Gopal, 1980). .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb , .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .postImageUrl , .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb , .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb:hover , .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb:visited , .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb:active { border:0!important; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb:active , .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0614a49e94cb7f33c160fcd5bfe37bfb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Juvenile delinquents Persuasive Essay During the 1950s and 1960s Nehru and his advisors realized that India was playing a far more than neutral role in the Cold War politics. She was a very important player on the world stage, where questions of war and peace were decided. He recognized that in s bipolar world, in which relations between the superpowers were based mainly on balance-of-power calculations (Hoffmann, 1990), a nuclear holocaust, for example, had become highly likely. He sought that India should stay out of the superpowers way in the nuclear arms race and at the same time work to the reduction of superpower confrontation by fostering communication, engaging in .

Wednesday, April 22, 2020

Obesity and Physical Activity in Schools free essay sample

Obesity and Physical Activity in Schools BY Freckle18 Engaging in acts of physical activity from a young age is very important for both the mental and physical health of a child; the habits learnt in youth tend to continue onto adulthood thus having an effect on the prevalence of obesity and related illnesses in society. Obesity is increasing steeply in Australia ( Magarey, A. M. , Daniels, L. A. and Boulton, T. J. 2001) and almost 25% of children are affected (Booth, Wake, Armstrong, Chey, Hesketh, and Mathur. 2001). So why is physical activity so mportant for children and what age is instilling positive habits most beneficial? What roles do teachers of today play in addressing and preventing obesity in our children and what are effective strategies to do this? The benefits of physical activity are vast and the habits instilled in children from a young age can determine the lifestyle they will lead as adults. We will write a custom essay sample on Obesity and Physical Activity in Schools or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An unfortunate common misconception is that it is easy to reverse the unhealthy lifestyle taught to children. Prevention however is better than a cure. It is never too early to start eaching a child positive behaviours and habits middle childhood (ages 6-10) children tend to be in a stage of development where they think very literally they will absorb everything you teach, do, and say and are incredibly influential. It is t this stage of development that their most likely to be taught healthy eating habits, develop exercise programs and have an interest in organised sports. mioung people will carry established healthy behaviours throughout their lives such as better eating habits and decreased likelihood of smoking (Shilton, T. nd Naughton, G. 001). Through physical activity children of middle childhood develop healthy muscles, bones and joints; they develop a healthy heart and lungs and they also develop a higher neuromuscular awareness which influences their co-ordination, how they control movement and the development of fine and gross motor skills. Most obviously it enables them to maintain a healthy body weight. Physical activit y has also been linked to psychological benefits by improving the control children have over the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Studies have also shown that the participation n physical activity can assist in the social development of children aged 6-10 by providing the opportunity for expression, building confidence and social interaction. Physically active young people have been noted to more readily adopt other healthy lifestyle behaviours (avoidance of tobacco, alcohol and drugs) and demonstrate higher academic performance at school. Children of the ages six to ten spend the majority of their time at school giving teachers an ideal position to influence a healthy lifestyle both physically, mentally and emotionally. Schools have been recognized as an appropriate setting for the prevention of eating disorders and child obesity due to the continual and concentrated access to a large number of individuals at a developmentally appropriate age. Research has shown that well-designed and implemented school programs can effectively promote physical activity, healthy eating, and reduction of television viewing and time spent using the computer and computer the prevention of obesity is however restricted by the influence of a childs family and the community in which they reside. It is therefore more a teachers role to set a good xample to children rather than to attempt to tackle the epidemic alone. One strategy teachers can use in the classroom to address and treat the occurrence of obesity in children is to discontinue the use of food as a reward. Food has been used to reward children for good behaviour and performance. Its a very easy, powerful and inexpensive tool in bringing about immediate behavioural changes in children of thee ages six to ten. However, using food as reward often encourages overeating of unhealthy foods high in fat, sugar and little or no nutritional value whatsoever. Rewarding with food can interfere with children of these ages learning to eat in response to hunger and teaches them to eat when they are not hungry. Finding alternatives to food rewards is an important part of providing a healthy school environment. Rewarding children with unhealthy foods in school undermines our efforts to teach them about good nutrition. Its like teaching children a lesson on the importance of not smoking, and then handing out ashtrays and lighters to the kids who did the best Job listening. (Schwartz, M. B, Brownell, K. D. 2007). Alternatives o food as a reward include; Social rewards like praise and attention (in front of others). Recognition with certificates and letters of congratulation to parents or caregivers. Privileges of going first, choosing a class activities or sitting by friends. Another way teachers can positively assist the prevention of obesity is to make exercise fun, and incorporate it into the daily routine. Forcing children to participate in activities they do not enjoy could have a negative effect on how the child views physical activity in the future. Often sport in school is repetitive and favours the more thletic students in a class. Variety is very important, and teachers should seek input from students to which game should be played, it could even be used as a reward allowing the child who has performed best to choose the activity. Incorporating fitness to the daily classroom regime can also be effective. For children attention can begin to wander if activities are too long and for some being sedentary for too long is difficult. At the beginning or end of lessons encourage children to dance, Jump and use basic movement. Fun activities like hopping to the bathroom, skipping to other ctivities around the classroom can also be incorporated and can aid in childrens refinement of fine and gross motor skills. Additionally exercise shouldnt be used as punishment. Children learn to dislike things used as punishments. Penalizing children with physical activity might lead them to avoid activities that are important for maintaining their health. Integrate nutrition education lessons into the curriculum. You can apply nutrition education information into science, maths, language art and health lessons. Along with students collect pictures of healthy nutritional foods and Junk foods from agazines, and newspapers. Have the students help to categorize the foods on posters healthy food and Junk food. Display this in the classroom where everyone can see and use it at a reference for children to set realistic, well-defined, measurable Teachers have a valuable contribution to make in the domain of physical activity and the prevention of childhood obesity, they are however secondary to the role played by family who play the largest role in instilling a healthy lifestyle on their children. School professionals are often uneducated about nutrition and methods of revention. In order for future prevention of obesity to be a success, perseverance and ongoing training for teachers and schools involved is required. Training must increase knowledge of nutrition, physical activity, obesity, and preventive techniques. Finally, teacher-training programs should stress the importance of development and age specific strategies in the education of children in this area in order to fully utilize schools as an effective setting for prevention and to improve future prevention initiatives, and to promote the health of our young people.